Method of mixing and nozzle therefor



Jan. 23, L951 T. w. MURPHY 2,539,315

METHOD OF MIXING AND NOZZLE THEREFOR Filed March 29, 1945 &//28 20 32 3 w/rgzu F764. 777077705 Patented Jan. 23, 1951 METHOD OF MIXING AND NOZZLE THEREFOR Thomas W. Murphy, Narberth, Pa., assignor to Monarch Manufacturing Works, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application March 29, 1945, Serial No. 585,437

This invention relates to a method and spray or atomizing nozzles to be used for atomizing liquids by the use of air or steam as an elastic, fluid, or the mixing of one gas with another, and in which both of the elements to be mixed are fed to the nozzle under pressure.

The nozzle illustrated is particularly applicable to the atomization of fuel oil for delivery as an oil burner, and in which the oil is atomized t the required fineness to produce perfect combustion and thus prevent carbonization and prevent the building up of carbon on the walls of the furnace.

In accordance with the present invention the oil is delivered to the swirl chamber by a plurality of jets in a tangential direction, between jets of air or steam delivered to the swirl chamber in the same direction, over a stream of air or steam directed into the swirl chamber, swirling in the same direction, whereby the alternate jets of air or steam will atomize the oil while the swirling stream of air or steam will commingle with the mist of oil combined with air or steam formed by the jets and before the atomized mixture passes through the orifice of the nozzle.

One of'the objects of this invention is to provide a nozzle which is to be operated by pressure upon the elastic fluid and liquid, and differentiates from a system in which any of the elements are delivered by ejector means, or a vacuum principle.

Another object of my invention is to provide a nozzle in which the pressure of the elastic fluid may be either higher or lower than the pressure of the liquid to be atomized, depending on the relationship of the passageways. Thus the nozzle may be constructed to deliver air and liquid under equal pressure, and the volume discharged may be controlled by the needle valve, whereby the pressure may be kept reasonably high for the best results under certain conditions.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a nozzle in which the size thereof may be increased, and in turn increasing the size or the number of air passages in the face of the disc, and decreasing the size or the number of the liquid slots, so that a greater volume of low pressure air may be used, for example, air under a few ounces of pressure instead of from, possibly, between 2 and 20 lbs. needed for certain oils and conditions to be met.

The foregoing objects and other objects of the invention particularly relating to details will be come apparent from the following description, re d in conj nction with the drawings. in which:

4 Claims. (Cl. 299-120) Fig. 1 is an irregular axial section of one form of nozzle constructed in accordance with my invention, on the line ll of Fig. 2;

Fig, 2 is a plan view of the nozzle with the cap removed;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the nozzle on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a modified form in which the needle valve may be used to throttle the discharge from the orifice.

Referring to the drawings, the nozzle col. prises a body 2, having a threaded opening 4, for an oil, other liquid or gas delivery pipe, an annular chamber 6 in its upper face and a passage 8 leading from the oil delivery opening 4 to the annular chamber 6.

l0 designates an opening in the body which is threaded for the reception of a delivery pipe, leading. from an elastic fluid supply, such asair or steam under pressure, and the central portion of the body is provided with a relatively large elastic fluid chamber l2, open at the top of the body, and connected by a passage M at the bottom thereof with the opening [0 to which may be connected a pipe leading from a supply of elastic fluid under pressure. I

Seated on the top of the body 2 is a disc [6 having a downwardly extending stem I8 which extends into the chamber [2, while the bottom of the disc forms a closure for chambers 6 and I2.

The stem I8 is bored out from the bottom throughout itslength with a reduced opening at its upper end, the wall of the bore at the upper end converging from the full diameter of the bore to the smaller diameter of the outlet, as indicated at 20.

The lower portion of the bore in the stem it is threaded, and adjustably mounted in the threaded portion of the bore is a needle valve 22, having threads on its lower end in engagement with the threads in the bore of stem 13, and 24 is a lock-nut for locking the needle valve in its adjusted position.

The disc [6 is provided with a conical face on its upper end and the disc is held in close contact with the upper face of the body 2, by means of a cap 26 having a threaded connection with the upper end of the body 2.

The inner face or bottom of the cap is bored at the same angle as the tapered face of the disc l6 and converges towards the nozzle orifice 28.

6' designates a channel in the upper face of disc [6, substantially directly above channel 6 in the head and extending through disc l6, connetting channels 6 and a e, passag s 80. Tangential grooves 32 are provided in the upper face of the disc It, one end of each of which communicates with groove 6, at the junction of a passage 30.

34 designates a plurality of passages extending through the disc l 6, each of which communicates at one end with the elastic fluid chamber I2 in the body of the nozzle, and at the other end with a tangential groove 36 in the upper face of the disc 16.

In the present instance there are four oil grooves 32 and four elastic fluid grooves 36 in the top of disc [6, which alternate with each other, although the number may be decreased or increased, in accordance with the requirements for which the nozzle is designed.

33 designates upwardly and tangentially extending passages communicating with the elastic fluid chamber l2 and the bore of stem iii of the disc, which might be termed an inner elastic fluid chamber 40.

A swirl chamber A? is formed at the orifice-28, between the cap 2% and'the top of disc IE, to which jets of oil from grooves and alternate jets of elastic fluid from grooves 36 are directed .in'a tangential direction to 'atomize the oil by the elastic fluid and cause the mist to swirl in chamber 42, and as thepassages '33 are directed upwardly and tangentially a stream of elastic fluid from the chamber #9 will enter the swirl chamber i -2 with a swirling motion and commingle'with the swirling of elastic fluid and liquid'before passing ."from orifice L23 to the combustion chamber or other receptacle.

InIthe form shown, it will noted that if is desired to adjust the needle'valve 22, it be necessary to remove he disc from athe'body 2. Such-a structure is desired where it is essential that the adjustment be made only by authorized parties, but it will be readily appreciated that the structure may readily be varied slightly'to permit adjustment of the valve from the exterior of the nozzle.

This can readily be accomplished "by having the tapped openings 2 and it in the sides of the body and connecting them to-charnbers ii and H, by means or" their respective passages 2 and i i. In such a structure thestem-of the valve 22 where it enters the bore of the stem [8 of the'disc it could be of the same diameter as the bore for a short distance, while the lower portion of the stem might be threaded in the body 2, "and the nut could then be adapted to lock the valve in adjusted position by jamming "it against the body 2.

In Fig. .1, the throttle valve 22 is arranged to throttle the discharge from chamber '40 to the swirl chamber 42.

In Fig. 4 1 have shown a portion only of the delivery end of the nozzle in which the bore in the stem of the disc iii, is extended through the disc, to permit the needle val-W22" to be adjusted to throttle the discharge from the nozzle orifice 28.

It will be evident that num rous variations cf the invention may be made without departing from the principles thereof, 'definedin the following claims:

What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

i. A. nozzle comprising a cap member, a seating surface in said cap member terminating substantiallyat the outer surface-cf said cap member and forming a discharge orifice insaid cap member,

a body member mounting said cap member, inlet ports in said body member, a disc member mounted between said cap member and said body member, a swirl chamber between said disc and said cap seating surface terminating in said orifice, said disc having a surface adapted to sealingly engagesaid cap seating surface, channels formed in said disc surface tangentially to said swirl chamber providing passages communicating with said swirl chamber, means including passages in said disc and said body member for directing fluid material from one of said body inlet ports to a plurality of said channels in said disc, and means for directing fluid material from a second body inlet port to the remaining channels in said disc,

the fluid materials passing through said channels commlngling .in said swirl chamber and discharging through said discharge orifice.

2. A nozzle comprising a cap member, a conical seating surface in said cap member terminatsubstantially at the outersurface 'ofsaid cap member and forming a discharge orifice in-said cap member, a'body'member mounting said cap member, inlet'ports in said bc'dymemben'a disc member'mounted between said cap'member and said body member, a swirl chamberbetwe'ensaid disc and said cap seating surface terminating in said orifice, said disc h'aving a'surface adapted to sealingly engage said cap "se'ating'surface, channels formed ins'aid disc surface tangentially to said swirl chamber'providing passages between said disc and said cap communicating "with said swirl chamber, means including passages in "said disc and said body member for directing fluid material from one of said body inlet 'portsto alternate channels in said disc, andfnean's for'directing fluid material from a second bo'dy inlet port to the remaining channels'in said disc, the fluid materials passing through said channel's cc-mmingling in said swirl chamber and discharging through said discharge orifice.

3. A nozzle comprising a cap -member,-a seating surface in said cap member terminating substantially at the outer surface of said cap member and forming a discharge orifice in said cap member, a bodymernber mounting said cap member,'inlet ports in said-body member, a disc member mounted between said cap member and said body member, a swirl chamberbetween said disc and said cap seating surface terminating in said orifice, said disc having a surface adapted to sealingly engagesaid cap seating surface, channels formed in said disc surface tangentially to saidswirl chamber providing passages communicating with said swirl chamber, fluid ineans'ineluding passages in said-disc and said body members for directing fluid materialfrom one of said body inlet ports to a plurality of said channels in said disc, means for directing fluid material from a second body inlet .port to the remaining channels in said disc, the fluid materials :passing thrcughsaid channels commingling iii-said swirl chamber and discharging through discharge orifice, an axial passage communicating with said swirl chamber, and means for delivering'a swirling stream of fluid through said axial passage into said swirl chamber.

4. A nozzle comprising a-cap member, a seating surface in said cap member terminating substantially at the outer surface of said cap member and forming a discharge orifice in said cap member, a body member mounting said cap mem ber, inlet ports in said body member, a disc memer manned. be e n sa d ear m mbe ari aid body member, a swirl chamber between said disc and said cap seating surface terminating in said orifice, said disc having a surface adapted to sealingly engage said cap seating surface, channels formed in said disc surface tangentially to said swirl chamber providing passages communicating with said swirl chamber, means including passages in said disc and said body members for directing fluid material from one of said body inlet ports to a plurality of said channels in said disc, means for directing fluid material from a second body inlet port to the remaining channels in said disc, the fiuid materials passing through said channels commingling in said swirl chamber and discharging through said discharge orifice, an axialpassage communicating with said swirl chamber, fluid means for delivering a swirling stream of fluid through said axial passage into said swirl chamber, and an adjustable needle valve extending through said axial passage and said swirl chamber and adapted to control the flow through the discharge orifice.

THOMAS W. MURPHY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,023,707 Anthony Apr. 16, 1912 1,326,488 Fisher Dec. 30, 1919 1,448,106 Binks Mar. 13, 1923 1,462,395 Thompson July 17, 1923 1,533,042 Sloper Apr, 7, 1925 1,568,427 Strachan et a1 Jan. 5, 1926 1,592,982 Loepsinger July 20, 1926 1,641,581 Egan Sept. 6, 1927 1,785,803 Adams Dec. 23, 1930 1,785,804 Adams Dec. 23, 1930 1,864,795 Boyd June 28, 1932 2,313,298 Martin et a1. Mar. 9, 

